名詞 exile:

1. voluntarily absent from home or country
   同義詞：expatriate
2. expelled from home or country by authority
   同義詞：deportee
3. the act of expelling a person from their native land
   同義詞：deportation, expatriation, transportation

動詞 exile:

1. expel from a country
   同義詞：expatriate, deport

1. Exile was for him a living death.
   他遭流放是進了活地獄。
2. He was in the unenviable position of having to choose between imprisonment or exile.
   他已陷於進退維谷的地步，不是坐牢就是流放，必須在兩者間做出抉擇。
3. The king was sent into exile.
   國王遭到放逐。
4. He was exiled from the country for one year.
   他被放逐一年。

ex.ile

n.（名詞）

Enforced removal from one`s native country.
流放：被強迫離開自己的國家
Self-imposed absence from one`s country.
自我流放：自愿的離開本國
The condition or a period of living away from one`s native country.
流亡期間： 在自己國家之外生活的情況或時間
One who lives away from one`s native country, whether because of expulsion or voluntary absence.
離鄉(xiāng)者：被驅(qū)逐或因為自愿而居住在自己的祖國之外
v.tr.（及物動詞）
ex.iled,ex.il.ing,ex.iles
To send into exile; banish.See Synonyms at banish
流放；把…驅(qū)逐出境參見 banish

來源：
Middle English exil
中古英語 exil
from Old French
源自 古法語
from Latin exilium
源自 拉丁語 exilium
from exul, exsul [exiled person, wanderer]
源自 exul, exsul [被流放的人，流浪者]

【引伸】
exil.ic